E-ISSN 2231-3206 | ISSN 2320-4672
 

Review Article

Online Publishing Date:
08 / 01 / 2013

 


Genetic factors in the etiology of type 2 diabetes: linkage analyses, candidate gene association, and genome-wide association – still a long way to go!

Deepak narayan parchwani, SMS Murthy, Amit A Upadhyah, Digisha D Patel.


Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a complex and pleomorphic metabolic disorder arising from a complex interaction between genes and the environment. During the last decade there has been an outpouring of studies providing clues into the genetic architecture underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review provides an overview of the genetics of type 2 diabetes in the context of recent progress in the understanding of the genetic susceptibility of the disease. Approximately 40 variants have been identified so far and the identification of these susceptibility loci for diabetes has introduced novel genes, pathways and mechanisms of diabetes pathogenesis. The genetic loci so far identified account for only a small fraction (approximately 10%) of the overall heritable risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Uncovering the missing heritability is essential to the progress of type 2 diabetes genetic studies and to the translation of genetic information into clinical practice. However, it may be a long time before all the susceptibility genes are found. It may take even more time before their roles in different pathways have been elucidated and the mechanisms involved in their interaction with other factors in the disease etiology clarified.

Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Genetic factors, Genome wide association studies


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Deepak narayan parchwani, SMS Murthy, Amit A Upadhyah, Digisha D Patel. Genetic factors in the etiology of type 2 diabetes: linkage analyses, candidate gene association, and genome-wide association – still a long way to go!. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2013; 3(1): 57-68. doi:10.5455/njppp.2013.3.57-68


Web Style

Deepak narayan parchwani, SMS Murthy, Amit A Upadhyah, Digisha D Patel. Genetic factors in the etiology of type 2 diabetes: linkage analyses, candidate gene association, and genome-wide association – still a long way to go!. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=25043 [Access: March 14, 2024]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2013.3.57-68


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Deepak narayan parchwani, SMS Murthy, Amit A Upadhyah, Digisha D Patel. Genetic factors in the etiology of type 2 diabetes: linkage analyses, candidate gene association, and genome-wide association – still a long way to go!. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2013; 3(1): 57-68. doi:10.5455/njppp.2013.3.57-68



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Deepak narayan parchwani, SMS Murthy, Amit A Upadhyah, Digisha D Patel. Genetic factors in the etiology of type 2 diabetes: linkage analyses, candidate gene association, and genome-wide association – still a long way to go!. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2013), [cited March 14, 2024]; 3(1): 57-68. doi:10.5455/njppp.2013.3.57-68



Harvard Style

Deepak narayan parchwani, SMS Murthy, Amit A Upadhyah, Digisha D Patel (2013) Genetic factors in the etiology of type 2 diabetes: linkage analyses, candidate gene association, and genome-wide association – still a long way to go!. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 3 (1), 57-68. doi:10.5455/njppp.2013.3.57-68



Turabian Style

Deepak narayan parchwani, SMS Murthy, Amit A Upadhyah, Digisha D Patel. 2013. Genetic factors in the etiology of type 2 diabetes: linkage analyses, candidate gene association, and genome-wide association – still a long way to go!. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 3 (1), 57-68. doi:10.5455/njppp.2013.3.57-68



Chicago Style

Deepak narayan parchwani, SMS Murthy, Amit A Upadhyah, Digisha D Patel. "Genetic factors in the etiology of type 2 diabetes: linkage analyses, candidate gene association, and genome-wide association – still a long way to go!." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 3 (2013), 57-68. doi:10.5455/njppp.2013.3.57-68



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Deepak narayan parchwani, SMS Murthy, Amit A Upadhyah, Digisha D Patel. "Genetic factors in the etiology of type 2 diabetes: linkage analyses, candidate gene association, and genome-wide association – still a long way to go!." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 3.1 (2013), 57-68. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2013.3.57-68



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Deepak narayan parchwani, SMS Murthy, Amit A Upadhyah, Digisha D Patel (2013) Genetic factors in the etiology of type 2 diabetes: linkage analyses, candidate gene association, and genome-wide association – still a long way to go!. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 3 (1), 57-68. doi:10.5455/njppp.2013.3.57-68