E-ISSN 2231-3206 | ISSN 2320-4672
 

Original Research

Online Publishing Date:
02 / 03 / 2021

 


A study on change in bone mineral density with Vitamin D supplementation in elderly Indian population

Panna Mishra, Vikas Trivedi, Divya Srivastava.


Abstract
Background: There are various scientific studies in literature which have pointed high prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in elderly Indian population but there is no study which has shown that adequate Vitamin D supplementation can improve the bone and muscle health or increase the bone mineral density (BMD) in this age group.

Aims and Objectives: (1) The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the role of Vitamin D supplementation in the improvement of BMD in elderly Indian population. (2) The secondary objective is to observe the change in serum Vitamin D levels by oral supplementation of Vitamin D in this age group.

Materials and Methods: This is a randomized controlled study of total 80 elderly subjects. All subjects had Vitamin D levels <20 ng/ml, they were randomly allocated to one of the two groups as follows: Both groups were given calcium (500 mg) as a routine supplement for 6 months. Study Group I (n = 40): In this group along with calcium, the subjects were given 60,000 IU of Vitamin D as oral nano solution once weekly for 6 months. Placebo Group II (n = 40): In this group, no additional Vitamin D supplementation was given. Both groups were given calcium (500 mg) as a routine supplement for 6 months. Elderly subjects were followed up at 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and at 18 months period with BMD and serum Vitamin D levels evaluated at each follow-up visit. BMD evaluation was done by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. A T-score was used for the evaluation of BMD. According to the World Health Organization, a T-score of –1.0 or above is normal bone density, a T-score between –1.0 and –2.5 means you have low bone density or osteopenia. A T-score of –2.5 or below is a diagnosis of osteoporosis. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 15.0.

Results: Age of subjects ranged from 60 to 78 years. Maximum number of people were of 66–70 years (41.3%). Majority of them were female (n = 51; 63.7%). Female-to-male ratio was 1.75:1. At baseline, mean T-score values were −2.93 ± 0.24 in Group I and –2.89 ± 0.19 in Group II. At baseline, mean Vitamin D levels were 12.55 ± 2.35 ng/ml and 11.88 ± 2.39 ng/ml, respectively, in Groups I and II. At 6 months, mean T-score values were –1.47 ± 1.27 in Group I and –2.30 ± 0.67 in Group II. On evaluating the data statistically, the difference between two groups was found to be significant (P < 0.001). The mean Vitamin D levels were 26.44 ± 7.25 ng/ml and 13.58 ± 2.26 ng/ml, respectively, in Groups I and II. Thus, mean levels were higher in Group I as compared to that in Group II and this difference significant statistically too (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: This study concludes that appropriate supplementation of Vitamin D helps in speedy improvement of BMD in elderly population. It also shows that Vitamin D oral supplementation helped to improvise as well as normalize the Vitamin D status among elderly. Hence, it is suggested through this study that Vitamin D supplementation is highly recommended in the elderly to improve their bone and muscle health.

Key words: Bone Mineral Density; Vitamin D; T-score


 
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Pubmed Style

Mishra P, Trivedi V, Srivastava D. A study on change in bone mineral density with Vitamin D supplementation in elderly Indian population. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2021; 11(7): 727-732. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.02061202121022021


Web Style

Mishra P, Trivedi V, Srivastava D. A study on change in bone mineral density with Vitamin D supplementation in elderly Indian population. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=56804 [Access: March 15, 2024]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.02061202121022021


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Mishra P, Trivedi V, Srivastava D. A study on change in bone mineral density with Vitamin D supplementation in elderly Indian population. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2021; 11(7): 727-732. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.02061202121022021



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Mishra P, Trivedi V, Srivastava D. A study on change in bone mineral density with Vitamin D supplementation in elderly Indian population. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2021), [cited March 15, 2024]; 11(7): 727-732. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.02061202121022021



Harvard Style

Mishra, P., Trivedi, . V. & Srivastava, . D. (2021) A study on change in bone mineral density with Vitamin D supplementation in elderly Indian population. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 11 (7), 727-732. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.02061202121022021



Turabian Style

Mishra, Panna, Vikas Trivedi, and Divya Srivastava. 2021. A study on change in bone mineral density with Vitamin D supplementation in elderly Indian population. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 11 (7), 727-732. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.02061202121022021



Chicago Style

Mishra, Panna, Vikas Trivedi, and Divya Srivastava. "A study on change in bone mineral density with Vitamin D supplementation in elderly Indian population." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 11 (2021), 727-732. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.02061202121022021



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Mishra, Panna, Vikas Trivedi, and Divya Srivastava. "A study on change in bone mineral density with Vitamin D supplementation in elderly Indian population." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 11.7 (2021), 727-732. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.02061202121022021



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Mishra, P., Trivedi, . V. & Srivastava, . D. (2021) A study on change in bone mineral density with Vitamin D supplementation in elderly Indian population. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 11 (7), 727-732. doi:10.5455/njppp.2021.11.02061202121022021