E-ISSN 2231-3206 | ISSN 2320-4672
 

Original Research

Online Publishing Date:
03 / 09 / 2022

 


Status and correlation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D in diabetes mellitus Type II patients with and without retinopathy

Vikas K Vaghela, Krushna Kishore Padala, Keyur Madhu.


Abstract
Background: Emerging data from in vivo and in vitro investigations have proven that Vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for the etiology of diabetes and its consequences; however, individual published studies have yielded conflicting results. The current study’s goal was to evaluate and correlate Vitamin D levels in the blood of diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR), as well as to correlate Vitamin D with duration of diabetes, age and HbA1C.

Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate and correlate Vitamin D levels in the blood of diabetic patients with and without DR, and to correlate Vitamin D levels with age, duration of diabetes, and HbA1C.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional case-control study of 150 Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (aged 35–70 years) was included. The 150 Type 2 Diabetic patients were separated into three groups: Group 1 (no DR, n = 52), Group 2 (non-proliferative DR [NPDR], n = 58), and Group 3 (PDR, n = 42). Enrolled participants were subjected to a thorough physical examination to rule out the occurrence of microvascular problems, which included microfilament testing and a thorough fundus examination. Serum samples were used to test fasting blood sugar, HbA1C, and serum Vitamin D.

Results: T2DM subjects with DR had lower mean serum 25 (OH) D concentrations than patients without DR (21.5 ± 9.5 vs. 17.7 ± 10.2 vs. 14.4 ± 5.9; P = 0.04). Mean HbA1C concentration was significantly lower in No DR (NDR) in comparison to NPDR and PDR (7.6 ± 1.5; vs. 8.5 ± 1.9; vs. 9.3 ± 1.8; P = 0.037. In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between the blood 25 (OH) D level and age (–0.165; P = 0.015), diabetes duration (–0.172; P = 0.014), and HbA1C (–0.148; P = 0.040).

Conclusion: The current investigation showed that patients with DR have lower levels of 25 [OH] D than those with non DR subjects. 25 [OH] D levels were negatively associated with age, duration of diabetes, and HbA1C.

Key words: HbA1C; 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D; Diabetic Retinopathy


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Vaghela VK, Padala KK, Madhu K. Status and correlation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D in diabetes mellitus Type II patients with and without retinopathy. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2022; 12(10): 1647-1650. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.06324202225082022


Web Style

Vaghela VK, Padala KK, Madhu K. Status and correlation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D in diabetes mellitus Type II patients with and without retinopathy. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=71425 [Access: March 22, 2024]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.06324202225082022


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Vaghela VK, Padala KK, Madhu K. Status and correlation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D in diabetes mellitus Type II patients with and without retinopathy. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2022; 12(10): 1647-1650. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.06324202225082022



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Vaghela VK, Padala KK, Madhu K. Status and correlation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D in diabetes mellitus Type II patients with and without retinopathy. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2022), [cited March 22, 2024]; 12(10): 1647-1650. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.06324202225082022



Harvard Style

Vaghela, V. K., Padala, . K. K. & Madhu, . K. (2022) Status and correlation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D in diabetes mellitus Type II patients with and without retinopathy. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 12 (10), 1647-1650. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.06324202225082022



Turabian Style

Vaghela, Vikas K, Krushna Kishore Padala, and Keyur Madhu. 2022. Status and correlation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D in diabetes mellitus Type II patients with and without retinopathy. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 12 (10), 1647-1650. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.06324202225082022



Chicago Style

Vaghela, Vikas K, Krushna Kishore Padala, and Keyur Madhu. "Status and correlation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D in diabetes mellitus Type II patients with and without retinopathy." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 12 (2022), 1647-1650. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.06324202225082022



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Vaghela, Vikas K, Krushna Kishore Padala, and Keyur Madhu. "Status and correlation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D in diabetes mellitus Type II patients with and without retinopathy." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 12.10 (2022), 1647-1650. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.06324202225082022



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Vaghela, V. K., Padala, . K. K. & Madhu, . K. (2022) Status and correlation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D in diabetes mellitus Type II patients with and without retinopathy. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 12 (10), 1647-1650. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.06324202225082022