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Original Research
Online Published: 08 Apr 2024
 


A cross-sectional comparative assessment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy using heart rate variability and galvanic skin response – Effect of disease progression

Prabhpreet Kaur, Aditya Jain, Shikha Jhamb, Avnish Kumar, Kamal Dev Singh, Sanjay Kumar Goyal.


Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant health-care challenge and is a primary contributor to both mortality and morbidity. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) is a frequently occurring complication associated with diabetes mellitus. Autonomic nerve damage leading to cardiac autonomic dysfunction and peripheral sympathetic neuropathy can lead to changes in heart rate variability (HRV) and galvanic skin resistance (GSR), respectively.

Aims and Objectives: The study was designed and done to evaluate the impact of T2DM on HRV and GSR for assessing DAN.

Materials and Methods: A total of 100 individuals diagnosed with T2DM (cases) and 100 healthy individuals (controls) participated in this study. Physio Pac (PC-2004) was used to record the necessary data. Statistical analysis was performed using the non-parametric Mann–Whitney test to see the comparison of the cases and controls. In addition, to measure the statistical relationship between the duration of the disease and the HRV and GSR parameters, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was utilized. The study received approval from the Ethical and Research Committee at the Government Medical College, Patiala.

Results: Significant statistical differences were observed between the cases and controls in all time domain measures, as well as GSR and the majority of frequency domain measures of HRV. The correlation analysis revealed a strong association between the duration of T2DM and a decrease in HRV as well as an increase in GSR.

Conclusion: The findings from the present study provide evidence that T2DM has an impact on HRV, which suggests the presence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy among diabetic patients, leading to an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity. In addition, the study indicates that reduced sudomotor function, as assessed by Galvanic Skin Resistance (GSR), serves as a predictive measure for autonomic neuropathy. Therefore, these tests can serve as valuable tools in facilitating the assessment of DAN.

Key words: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy; Heart Rate Variability; GSR


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Kaur P, Jain A, Jhamb S, Kumar A, Singh KD, Goyal SK. A cross-sectional comparative assessment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy using heart rate variability and galvanic skin response – Effect of disease progression. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(9): 1795-1801. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.06324202328032024

Web Style

Kaur P, Jain A, Jhamb S, Kumar A, Singh KD, Goyal SK. A cross-sectional comparative assessment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy using heart rate variability and galvanic skin response – Effect of disease progression. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=157625 [Access: October 05, 2024]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.06324202328032024

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Kaur P, Jain A, Jhamb S, Kumar A, Singh KD, Goyal SK. A cross-sectional comparative assessment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy using heart rate variability and galvanic skin response – Effect of disease progression. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(9): 1795-1801. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.06324202328032024


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Kaur P, Jain A, Jhamb S, Kumar A, Singh KD, Goyal SK. A cross-sectional comparative assessment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy using heart rate variability and galvanic skin response – Effect of disease progression. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2024), [cited October 05, 2024]; 14(9): 1795-1801. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.06324202328032024


Harvard Style

Kaur, P., Jain, . A., Jhamb, . S., Kumar, . A., Singh, . K. D. & Goyal, . S. K. (2024) A cross-sectional comparative assessment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy using heart rate variability and galvanic skin response – Effect of disease progression. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 14 (9), 1795-1801. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.06324202328032024


Turabian Style

Kaur, Prabhpreet, Aditya Jain, Shikha Jhamb, Avnish Kumar, Kamal Dev Singh, and Sanjay Kumar Goyal. 2024. A cross-sectional comparative assessment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy using heart rate variability and galvanic skin response – Effect of disease progression. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (9), 1795-1801. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.06324202328032024


Chicago Style

Kaur, Prabhpreet, Aditya Jain, Shikha Jhamb, Avnish Kumar, Kamal Dev Singh, and Sanjay Kumar Goyal. "A cross-sectional comparative assessment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy using heart rate variability and galvanic skin response – Effect of disease progression." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14 (2024), 1795-1801. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.06324202328032024


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Kaur, Prabhpreet, Aditya Jain, Shikha Jhamb, Avnish Kumar, Kamal Dev Singh, and Sanjay Kumar Goyal. "A cross-sectional comparative assessment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy using heart rate variability and galvanic skin response – Effect of disease progression." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14.9 (2024), 1795-1801. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.06324202328032024


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Kaur, P., Jain, . A., Jhamb, . S., Kumar, . A., Singh, . K. D. & Goyal, . S. K. (2024) A cross-sectional comparative assessment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy using heart rate variability and galvanic skin response – Effect of disease progression. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (9), 1795-1801. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.06324202328032024




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