1. Kelsey JL, Horn-Ross PL. Breast cancer: Magnitude of the problem and descriptive epidemiology. Epidemiol Rev. 1993;15(1):7-16. |
|
2. Mc Pherson K, Steel CM, Dixon JM. ABC of breast diseases. Breast cancer-epidemiology, risk factors, and genetics. BMJ. 2000;321(7261):624-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7261.624 |
|
3. Marnett LJ. Oxyradicals and DNA damage. Carcinogenesis. 2000;21(3):361-70. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/21.3.361 [Pubmed] |
|
4. Hristozov D, Gadjeva V, Vlaykova T, Dimitrov G. Evaluation of oxidative stress in patients with cancer. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2001;109(4):331-6. https://doi.org/10.1076/apab.109.4.331.4248 [Pubmed] |
|
5. Bishayee A, Oinam S, Basu M, Chatterjee M. Vanadium chemoprevention of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis: Probable involvement of representative hepatic phase I and II xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2000;63(2):133-45. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006476003685 [Pubmed] |
|
6. Cotgreave IA, Moldéus P, Orrenius S. Host biochemical defense mechanisms against prooxidants. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1988;28:189-212. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.28.040188.001201 [Pubmed] |
|
7. Mittal A, Pathania V, Agrawala PK, Prasad J, Singh S, Goel HC. Influence of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum on endogenous antioxidant defence system in mice: Possible role in radioprotection. J Ethnopharmacol. 2001;76(3):253-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(01)00243-4 |
|
8. Prakash J, Gupta SK. Chemopreventive activity of Ocimum sanctum seed oil. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000;72(1-2):29-34. |
|
9. Vijayavel K, Anbuselvam C, Balasubramanian MP. Free radical scavenging activity of the marine mangrove Rhizophora apiculata bark extract with reference to naphthalene induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Chem Biol Interact. 2006;163(1-2):170-5. |
|
10. Park EJ, Pezzuto JM. Botanicals in cancer chemoprevention. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2002;21(3-4):231-55. |
|
11. Anderson RA, Broadhurst CL, Polansky MM, Schmidt WF, Khan A, Flanagan VP, et al. Isolation and characterization of polyphenol type-A polymers from cinnamon with insulin-like biological activity. J Agric Food Chem. 2004;52(1):65-70. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf034916b [Pubmed] |
|
12. Murcia MA, Egea I, Romojaro F, Parras P, Jiménez AM, MartÃÂnez-Tomé M. Antioxidant evaluation in dessert spices compared with common food additives. Influence of irradiation procedure. J Agric Food Chem. 2004;52(7):1872-81. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0303114 [Pubmed] |
|
13. Nagasawa H, Watanabe K, Inatomi H. Effects of bitter melon (Momordica charantia l.) or ginger rhizome (Zingiber offifinale rosc) on spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis in SHN mice. Am J Chin Med. 2002;30(2-3):195-205. |
|
14. Madkor HR, Mansour SW, Khalil MA. Antiangiogenic activities of cinnamon, black and green tea extracts on experimentally induced breast cancer in rats. Asian J Biochem. 2012;7(4):206-17. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajb.2012.206.217 |
|
15. Soliman MM, Baiomy AA, Yassin MH. Molecular and histopathological study on the ameliorative effects of curcumin against lead acetate-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrototoxicity in Wistar rats. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2015;167(1):91-102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-015-0280-0 [Pubmed] |
|
16. Bancroft JD, Gamble M. Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier; 2008. p. 126-7. |
|
17. Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Thun MJ. Cancer statistics, 2007. CA. Cancer J Clin. 2008;57(1):43-66. https://doi.org/10.3322/canjclin.57.1.43 |
|
18. Cassileth BR, Lusk EJ, Strouse TB, Bodenheimer BJ. Contemporary unorthodox treatments in cancer medicine. A study of patients, treatments, and practitioners. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101(1):105-12. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-101-1-105 [Pubmed] |
|
19. Cassileth BR. Complementary and alternative cancer medicine. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17 11 Suppl:44-52. |
|
20. Di Paola RS, Zhang H, Lambert GH, Meeker R, Licitra E, Rafi MM, et al. Clinical and biologic activity of an estrogenic herbal combination (PC-SPES) in prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(12):785-91. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199809173391201 [Pubmed] |
|
21. Buchanan DR, White JD, O'Mara AM, Kelaghan JW, Smith WB, Minasian LM. Research-design issues in cancer-symptom-management trials using complementary and alternative medicine: Lessons from the National Cancer Institute Community Clinical Oncology Program experience. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(27):6682-9. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.10.728 [Pubmed] |
|
22. Russo J, Russo IH. Experimentally induced mammary tumors in rats. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1996;39(1):7-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01806074 [Pubmed] |
|
23. Russo J, Russo IH. Atlas and histologic classification of tumors of the rat mammary gland. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 2000;5(2):187-200. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026443305758 [Pubmed] |
|
24. Costa I, Solanas M, Escrich E. Histopathologic characterization of mammary neoplastic lesions induced with 7,12-dimethyl benz(alpha)anthracene in the rat: A com parative analysis with human breast tumours. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2002;126(8):915-27. |
|
25. Vinothini G, Murugan RS, Nagini S. Evaluation of molecular markers in a rat model of mammary carcinogenesis. Oncol Res. 2009;17(25):483-93. https://doi.org/10.3727/096504009789735459 [Pubmed] |
|
26. Clerkin JS, Naughton R, Quiney C, Cotter TG. Mechanisms of ROS modulated cell survival during carcinogenesis. Cancer Lett. 2008;266(1):30-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2008.02.029 [Pubmed] |
|
27. Kumaraguruparan R, Seshagiri PB, Hara Y, Nagini S. Chemoprevention of rat mammary carcinogenesis by black tea polyphenols: Modulation of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, oxidative stress, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Mol Carcinog. 2007;46(9):797-806. https://doi.org/10.1002/mc.20309 [Pubmed] |
|
28. Wu Y, Hooper AT, Zhong Z, Witte L, Bohlen P, Rafii S, et al. The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR-1) supports growth and survival of human breast carcinoma. Int J Cancer. 2006;119(7):1519-29. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.21865 [Pubmed] |
|
29. Schoene NW, Kelly MA, Polansky MM, Anderson RA. Water-soluble polymeric polyphenols from cinnamon inhibit proliferation and alter cell cycle distribution patterns of hematologic tumor cell lines. Cancer Lett. 2005;230(1):134-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2004.12.039 [Pubmed] |
|
30. Bergers G, Benjamin LE. Tumorigenesis and the angiogenic switch. Nat Rev Cancer. 2003;3(6):401-10. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc1093 [Pubmed] |
|
31. Ahmed RS, Seth V, Banerjee BD. Influence of dietary ginger (Zingiber officinales Rosc) on antioxidant defense system in rat: Comparison with ascorbic acid. Indian J Exp Biol. 2000;38(6):604-6. |
|
32. Banerjee S, Bueso-Ramos C, Aggarwal BB Suppression of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats by resveratrol: Role of nuclear factor-kappaB, cyclooxygenase 2, and matrix metalloprotease 9. Cancer Res. 2002;62(17):4945-54. |
|
33. Grzanna R, Lindmark L, Frondoza CG. Ginger – An herbal medicinal product with broad anti-inflammatory actions. J Med Food. 2005;8(2):125-32. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2005.8.125 [Pubmed] |
|
34. Shukla Y, Singh M. Cancer preventive properties of ginger: A brief review. Food Chem Toxicol. 2007;45(5):683-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2006.11.002 [Pubmed] |
|
35. Aktan F, Henness S, Tran VH, Duke CC, Roufogalis BD, Ammit AJ. Gingerol metabolite and a synthetic analogue Capsarol inhibit macrophage NF-kappaB-mediated iNOS gene expression and enzyme activity. Planta Med. 2006;72(8):727-34. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-931588 [Pubmed] |
|
36. Kim EC, Min JK, Kim TY, Lee SJ, Yang HO, Han S, et al. [6]-Gingerol, a pungent ingredient of ginger, inhibits angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005;335(2):300-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.07.076 [Pubmed] |
|
37. Elkady AI, Abuzinadah OA, Baeshen NA, Rahmy TR. Differential control of growth, apoptotic activity, and gene expression in human breast cancer cells by extracts derived from medicinal herbs Zingiber officinale. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012;2012:614356. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/614356 [Pubmed] [PMC Free Fulltext] |
|
38. Chen CY, Liu TZ, Liu YW, Tseng WC, Liu RH, Lu FJ, et al.6-shogaol (alkanone from ginger) induces apoptotic cell death of human hepatoma p53 mutant Mahlavu subline via an oxidative stress-mediated caspase-dependent mechanism. J Agric Food Chem. 2007;55(3):948-54. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0624594 [Pubmed] |
|
39. Lee SH, Lee SY, Son DJ, Lee H, Yoo HS, Song S, et al. Inhibitory effect of 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde on nitric oxide production through inhibition of NF-kappa B activation in RAW 264.7 cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005;69(5):791-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2004.11.013 [Pubmed] |
|
40. Lee JS, Jeon SM, Park EM, Huh TL, Kwon OS, Lee MK, et al. Cinnamate supplementation enhances hepatic lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense systems in high cholesterol-fed rats. J Med Food. 2003;6(3):183-91. https://doi.org/10.1089/10966200360716599 [Pubmed] |
|
41. Matan N, Rimkeeree H, Mawson AJ, Chompreeda P, Haruthaithanasan V, Parker M. Antimicrobial activity of cinnamon and clove oils under modified atmosphere conditions. Int J Food Microbiol. 2006;107(2):180-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.07.007 [Pubmed] |
|
42. Khan A, Safdar M, Ali Khan MM, Khattak KN, Anderson RA. Cinnamon improves glucose and lipids of people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(12):3215-8. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.26.12.3215 [Pubmed] |
|
43. Kamei T, Kumano H, Iwata K, Nariai Y, Matsumoto T. The effect of a traditional Chinese prescription for a case of lung carcinoma. J Altern Complement Med. 2000;6(6):557-9. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2000.6.557 [Pubmed] |
|