E-ISSN 2231-3206 | ISSN 2320-4672
 

Review Article
Online Published: 16 May 2017
 


Orexin system increases energy expenditure by brown adipose tissue activity

Antonietta Messina, Vincenzo Monda, Ines Villano, Anna A. Valenzano, Monica Salerno, Domenico Tafuri, Roberto Avola, Sergio Chieffi, Alessio Sullo, Giuseppe Cibelli, Marcellino Monda, Giovanni Messina.


Cited By:3

Abstract
Adipose tissue is a biological caloric reservoir that expands itself in response to overnutrition and releases lipids in response to energy deficit. It comprises white adipose tissue, the main energy storage, and brown adipose tissue (BAT), a key site of thermogenesis that dissipates chemical energy as heat. BAT is richly innervated by sympathetic nerve efferent fibers, and its development and activation are mediated by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Furthermore, substantial evidences show that BAT activation leads to increased thermogenesis. Thus, the regulation of the SNS tone provides a complex mechanism able to specifically coordinate the function of the organs involved in energy homeostasis. On the other hand, adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ by producing various signaling cytokines and interacting with some neuropeptides as orexins. Orexins are produced by the lateral hypothalamus and evidences have suggested that orexins promote energy expenditure (EE) through modulation of locomotor activity and BAT thermogenesis. Recent data also suggest that orexins are required for BAT development, differentiation, and function. In the light of this, the orexin neuropeptides are part of a network able to increase EE through modulation of BAT thermogenesis which can be a target to new strategies to reduce the incidences of overweight and obesity. Aim of this review is to report our evidences showing that the autonomic nervous system influences food intake and energy consumption under various conditions, such as injection of orexins, which change the sympathetic and/or parasympathetic activities.

Key words: Adipose Tissue; Orexin; Autonomic Nervous System; Thermogenesis; Eating Behavior


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Antonietta Messina
Articles by Vincenzo Monda
Articles by Ines Villano
Articles by Anna A. Valenzano
Articles by Monica Salerno
Articles by Domenico Tafuri
Articles by Roberto Avola
Articles by Sergio Chieffi
Articles by Alessio Sullo
Articles by Giuseppe Cibelli
Articles by Marcellino Monda
Articles by Giovanni Messina
on Google
on Google Scholar


How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Messina A, Monda V, Villano I, Valenzano AA, Salerno M, Tafuri D, Avola R, Chieffi S, Sullo A, Cibelli G, Monda M, Messina G. Orexin system increases energy expenditure by brown adipose tissue activity. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2017; 7(7): 658-664. doi:10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0205422042017


Web Style

Messina A, Monda V, Villano I, Valenzano AA, Salerno M, Tafuri D, Avola R, Chieffi S, Sullo A, Cibelli G, Monda M, Messina G. Orexin system increases energy expenditure by brown adipose tissue activity. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=260036 [Access: June 26, 2026]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0205422042017


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Messina A, Monda V, Villano I, Valenzano AA, Salerno M, Tafuri D, Avola R, Chieffi S, Sullo A, Cibelli G, Monda M, Messina G. Orexin system increases energy expenditure by brown adipose tissue activity. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2017; 7(7): 658-664. doi:10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0205422042017



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Messina A, Monda V, Villano I, Valenzano AA, Salerno M, Tafuri D, Avola R, Chieffi S, Sullo A, Cibelli G, Monda M, Messina G. Orexin system increases energy expenditure by brown adipose tissue activity. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2017), [cited June 26, 2026]; 7(7): 658-664. doi:10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0205422042017



Harvard Style

Messina, A., Monda, . V., Villano, . I., Valenzano, . A. A., Salerno, . M., Tafuri, . D., Avola, . R., Chieffi, . S., Sullo, . A., Cibelli, . G., Monda, . M. & Messina, . G. (2017) Orexin system increases energy expenditure by brown adipose tissue activity. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 7 (7), 658-664. doi:10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0205422042017



Turabian Style

Messina, Antonietta, Vincenzo Monda, Ines Villano, Anna A. Valenzano, Monica Salerno, Domenico Tafuri, Roberto Avola, Sergio Chieffi, Alessio Sullo, Giuseppe Cibelli, Marcellino Monda, and Giovanni Messina. 2017. Orexin system increases energy expenditure by brown adipose tissue activity. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 7 (7), 658-664. doi:10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0205422042017



Chicago Style

Messina, Antonietta, Vincenzo Monda, Ines Villano, Anna A. Valenzano, Monica Salerno, Domenico Tafuri, Roberto Avola, Sergio Chieffi, Alessio Sullo, Giuseppe Cibelli, Marcellino Monda, and Giovanni Messina. "Orexin system increases energy expenditure by brown adipose tissue activity." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 7 (2017), 658-664. doi:10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0205422042017



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Messina, Antonietta, Vincenzo Monda, Ines Villano, Anna A. Valenzano, Monica Salerno, Domenico Tafuri, Roberto Avola, Sergio Chieffi, Alessio Sullo, Giuseppe Cibelli, Marcellino Monda, and Giovanni Messina. "Orexin system increases energy expenditure by brown adipose tissue activity." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 7.7 (2017), 658-664. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0205422042017



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Messina, A., Monda, . V., Villano, . I., Valenzano, . A. A., Salerno, . M., Tafuri, . D., Avola, . R., Chieffi, . S., Sullo, . A., Cibelli, . G., Monda, . M. & Messina, . G. (2017) Orexin system increases energy expenditure by brown adipose tissue activity. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 7 (7), 658-664. doi:10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0205422042017