E-ISSN 2231-3206 | ISSN 2320-4672
 

Original Research

Online Publishing Date:
13 / 12 / 2021

 


Clinicopathological spectrum of anterior mediastinal lesions with special reference to the role of cytology in diagnosis: A cross-sectional study

Prerana Mondal, Dipanwita Nag, Aparajita Samaddar, Srishtidhar Mangal, Nandini Das, Ipsita Saha.


Abstract
Background: Anterior mediastinal tumors comprise only 3% of all chest tumours. They are often of diagnostic challenge to both clinicians and histopathologists owing to their wide variety of clinical presentations and diversity in histomorphological appearance respectively. Hence, there is a need for elaborated studies to make the pathologists and clinicians aware of their diversity.

Aim and Objectives: The present study was aimed to evaluate the diverse spectrum of clinical presentations and histomorphological appearances of anterior mediastinal lesions. In addition, cytological and radiological interpretations were correlated with histological diagnosis to assess their comparative role in diagnosis.

Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive observational cross-sectional study. Patients diagnosed with anterior mediastinal mass on chest computed tomography (CT) scan were included in this study. Demographic details including clinical presentations and radiological interpretations were recorded. Patients underwent both CT guided Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and needle core/excisional biopsy. Histological diagnosis was correlated with radiological and cytological interpretations.

Results: Of 659 patients presented with chest tumours, 19 were detected as having anterior mediastinal mass on chest CT scan indicating the prevalence of 2.88%. The most common presenting symptom was respiratory distress (73.68%), followed by chest pain (36.84%), superior vena cava syndrome (26.32%) and Myasthenic features (5.26%). About 50% of malignant tumours occurred at the 2nd decade of life. Thymic epithelial neoplasms comprise the major tumour type in this study (52.63%) followed by germ cell tumors (15.79%) and lymphomas (10.53%). Cytology was found to be more effective compared to radiology in diagnosis.

Conclusion: Anterior mediastinal tumors are extremely heterogeneous in clinical presentation and histomorphological appearance. CT-guided FNAC can play an important role in their diagnosis along with radiology and histology.

Key words: Anterior Mediastinum; Mediastinal Mass; Histomorphological Spectrum; Cytology


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Mondal P, Nag D, Samaddar A, Mangal S, Das N, Saha I. Clinicopathological spectrum of anterior mediastinal lesions with special reference to the role of cytology in diagnosis: A cross-sectional study. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2022; 12(6): 880-885. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.11414202102122021


Web Style

Mondal P, Nag D, Samaddar A, Mangal S, Das N, Saha I. Clinicopathological spectrum of anterior mediastinal lesions with special reference to the role of cytology in diagnosis: A cross-sectional study. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=8984 [Access: March 15, 2024]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.11414202102122021


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Mondal P, Nag D, Samaddar A, Mangal S, Das N, Saha I. Clinicopathological spectrum of anterior mediastinal lesions with special reference to the role of cytology in diagnosis: A cross-sectional study. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2022; 12(6): 880-885. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.11414202102122021



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Mondal P, Nag D, Samaddar A, Mangal S, Das N, Saha I. Clinicopathological spectrum of anterior mediastinal lesions with special reference to the role of cytology in diagnosis: A cross-sectional study. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2022), [cited March 15, 2024]; 12(6): 880-885. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.11414202102122021



Harvard Style

Mondal, P., Nag, . D., Samaddar, . A., Mangal, . S., Das, . N. & Saha, . I. (2022) Clinicopathological spectrum of anterior mediastinal lesions with special reference to the role of cytology in diagnosis: A cross-sectional study. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 12 (6), 880-885. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.11414202102122021



Turabian Style

Mondal, Prerana, Dipanwita Nag, Aparajita Samaddar, Srishtidhar Mangal, Nandini Das, and Ipsita Saha. 2022. Clinicopathological spectrum of anterior mediastinal lesions with special reference to the role of cytology in diagnosis: A cross-sectional study. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 12 (6), 880-885. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.11414202102122021



Chicago Style

Mondal, Prerana, Dipanwita Nag, Aparajita Samaddar, Srishtidhar Mangal, Nandini Das, and Ipsita Saha. "Clinicopathological spectrum of anterior mediastinal lesions with special reference to the role of cytology in diagnosis: A cross-sectional study." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 12 (2022), 880-885. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.11414202102122021



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Mondal, Prerana, Dipanwita Nag, Aparajita Samaddar, Srishtidhar Mangal, Nandini Das, and Ipsita Saha. "Clinicopathological spectrum of anterior mediastinal lesions with special reference to the role of cytology in diagnosis: A cross-sectional study." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 12.6 (2022), 880-885. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.11414202102122021



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Mondal, P., Nag, . D., Samaddar, . A., Mangal, . S., Das, . N. & Saha, . I. (2022) Clinicopathological spectrum of anterior mediastinal lesions with special reference to the role of cytology in diagnosis: A cross-sectional study. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 12 (6), 880-885. doi:10.5455/njppp.2022.12.11414202102122021