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Original Research
Online Published: 25 Apr 2024
 


Exploring gender disparities in unpaid household care labor: A mixed-methods study from rural South India

Deodatt M Suryawanshi, Kamalasundar T, Divya R, Kalaipriya G, Rishi A, Suguna A.


Abstract
Background: Worldwide women spend 4.5 h daily on unpaid work while men spend about half of that time.

Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study are to estimate the time spent by both men and women on the various types of unpaid care labor and to determine the economic estimates of unpaid labor.

Materials and Methods: An embedded study (descriptive cross-sectional along with qualitative component) was conducted for a period of 3 months in 2020 in the rural area of a tertiary care medical institution in South India. 360 study participants of 15–60 years were recruited using simple random sampling and inquired for the time spent on care activities. Cumulative hours spent per year and its economic estimate was calculated using Oxfam global care calculator.

Results: Female participants did significantly higher hours of unpaid care (3596.5 h) as compared to male participants (2938.3 h) (P < 0.05). Economic estimates of unpaid care per year were significantly higher (INR 103641.8) for females as compared to males (INR 84610) (P < 0.005). The reasons for gender-based disparity were patriarchy, perception of redundancy, male chauvinism, and absence of self-realization.

Conclusion: The policymakers and administrators should develop policies which recognize, reduce, redistribute, and represent unpaid labor work.

Key words: Domestic Work; Gender Disparities; Household Labor; South India; Unpaid Labor; Unpaid Care Work


 
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Pubmed Style

Suryawanshi DM, T K, R D, G K, A R, A S. Exploring gender disparities in unpaid household care labor: A mixed-methods study from rural South India. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(9): 1945-1951. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.03134202418042024

Web Style

Suryawanshi DM, T K, R D, G K, A R, A S. Exploring gender disparities in unpaid household care labor: A mixed-methods study from rural South India. https://www.njppp.com/?mno=194975 [Access: October 03, 2024]. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.03134202418042024

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Suryawanshi DM, T K, R D, G K, A R, A S. Exploring gender disparities in unpaid household care labor: A mixed-methods study from rural South India. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2024; 14(9): 1945-1951. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.03134202418042024


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Suryawanshi DM, T K, R D, G K, A R, A S. Exploring gender disparities in unpaid household care labor: A mixed-methods study from rural South India. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. (2024), [cited October 03, 2024]; 14(9): 1945-1951. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.03134202418042024


Harvard Style

Suryawanshi, D. M., T, . K., R, . D., G, . K., A, . R. & A, . S. (2024) Exploring gender disparities in unpaid household care labor: A mixed-methods study from rural South India. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol, 14 (9), 1945-1951. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.03134202418042024


Turabian Style

Suryawanshi, Deodatt M, Kamalasundar T, Divya R, Kalaipriya G, Rishi A, and Suguna A. 2024. Exploring gender disparities in unpaid household care labor: A mixed-methods study from rural South India. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (9), 1945-1951. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.03134202418042024


Chicago Style

Suryawanshi, Deodatt M, Kamalasundar T, Divya R, Kalaipriya G, Rishi A, and Suguna A. "Exploring gender disparities in unpaid household care labor: A mixed-methods study from rural South India." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14 (2024), 1945-1951. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.03134202418042024


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Suryawanshi, Deodatt M, Kamalasundar T, Divya R, Kalaipriya G, Rishi A, and Suguna A. "Exploring gender disparities in unpaid household care labor: A mixed-methods study from rural South India." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14.9 (2024), 1945-1951. Print. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.03134202418042024


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Suryawanshi, D. M., T, . K., R, . D., G, . K., A, . R. & A, . S. (2024) Exploring gender disparities in unpaid household care labor: A mixed-methods study from rural South India. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 14 (9), 1945-1951. doi:10.5455/njppp.2024.14.03134202418042024




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